Rewrite to display the critical 80 words, dispatching the rest to other locations or out of sight, below, on the same page.

(You can divide the material up).

Imagining the data space we encounter on the Internet is as difficult as envisioning a city we have never visited before. But as we go down certain routes, congregate around certain cafes, get involved in various chats, explore famous sites, we begin to acquire mental landmarks. We build a three-dimensional model of the information space, the way a visitor to a city gradually puts together various forays, making sense of them, beginning to see where they overlap, where the paths repeat, where you have to make up your mind to turn, or get stuck on some highway for another five miles. These maps we make have length, width, and depth—and an acute sense of the time involved on each trek. The maps we form resemble those made by city dwellers when the architect Kevin Lynch asked them to draw the route they took to go from home to the office every day. Some people had survey knowledge: they constantly oriented themselves in regard to key regions (the Charles River, the bay) and landmarks like the John Hancock Building (in Boston) or the Eiffel Tower (yes, in Paris). They did not know any particular street that well, and may in fact have chosen different routes on different days, but they always knew where they were in relation to large bodies of water, and tall structures. Other people had route knowledge. They remembered key decision points. At the McDonald’s I have to turn left. In between decision points, these people had only blurred memories; but at the moment they were about to have to make a decision, or a turn, they could envision the exact storefronts and lay of the land of that local turf; in fact, these details acted as a trigger, signaling them to wake up and pay attention again, because they were about to have to make a choice. Those who knew the city best (knowing regions, landmarks, and paths intimately) tended to take that other knowledge for granted, and make decisions based on small, local landmarks.

Answer =>

By moving through a web site, we learn how it is organized, just as people develop mental maps of their cities by going to work.

Our mental maps of web sites resemble the drawings made by city dwellers when the architect Kevin Lynch asked them to draw the route they took to go from home to the office every day.

So we acquire mental landmarks when

• We go down certain routes
• We congregate around certain cafes
• We get involved in various chats
• We explore famous sites

And we gradually put together our various forays, making sense of them, beginning to see where they overlap, where the paths repeat, where we have to make up our mind to turn, or get stuck on some highway for another five miles.

The maps that we make have length, width, and depth—and an acute sense of the time involved on each trek.

And, like the sketches that Lynch got from city dwellers, these mental models display two different kinds of awareness—survey knowledge and route knowledge. Once experienced in the site, users may rely on both kinds of map.

People who rely on survey knowledge constantly orient themselves in regard to key regions (the Charles River, the bay) and landmarks like the John Hancock Building (in Boston) or the Eiffel Tower (yes, in Paris).

• They do not know any particular street that well.
• They may have chosen different routes on different days.

Yet they always know where they are in relation to large bodies of water and tall structures.

People with route knowledge remember key decision points. For example: At the McDonald’s I have to turn left.

In between decision points, these people have only blurred memories.

But at the moment they are about to have to make a decision, or a turn, they can envision the exact storefronts and lay of the land of that local turf. In fact, these details act as a trigger, signaling them to wake up and pay attention again, because they are about to have to make a choice.

Those who knew the city best (knowing regions, landmarks, and paths intimately) tended to take that other knowledge for granted, and make decisions based on small, local landmarks.